۲۰۲۲ کتاب Nurse Anesthesia
Product details
- Publisher : Saunders; 7th edition (May 17, 2022)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : ۱۴۵۶ pages
- ISBN-10 : ۰۳۲۳۷۱۱۹۴۴
- ISBN-13 : ۹۷۸۰۳۲۳۷۱۱۹۴۴
Contents:
Unit I. Professional Issues
- ۱٫ Nurse Anesthesia: A History of Challenge
- The Discovery of Modern Anesthesia
- Historical Antecedents of the Nurse as an Anesthetist
- Anesthesia: Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, or What?
- Organizing Nationally: “We Who Are Most Interested”
- World War II and Nurse Anesthetists
- A Short-Lived Peace for Nurse Anesthetists and the Nation
- The New Age American Health Care: the 1960s
- The 1970s
- Federal Legislative Initiatives in the 1980s
- CRNA Achievements of the 1980s
- The Call for Health Care Reform in the 1990s
- Doctoral Preparation of Nurse Anesthetists Achieved
- Military Anesthesia
- International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists
- Progress in Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۲٫ Nurse Anesthesia Specialty Practice and Education in the United States
-
- Nurse Anesthesia Educational Requirements
- Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Practice
- AANA Organizational Structure and Function
- Summary
- ۳٫ Patient-Centered Care, Cultural Competence, and Nurse Anesthesia Practice
-
- Health Care Disparities
- Patient-Centered Care: What It Is and Why It Is Important
- Measurement of Health Care Quality in Anesthesia
- Summary
Unit II. Scientific Foundations
- ۴٫ Nurse Anesthesia Research: Empowering Decision Making Through Evidence-Based Practice
- Methods of Knowing
- The Nature of Research
- The Eight Critical Stages in the Research Process
- Evidence-Based Practice: Empowering Decision Making Through Research
- Evidence-Based Practice in Nurse Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۵٫ General Principles, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug-Receptor Concepts
- Receptor Structure
- Drug-Response Equation
- Pharmacogenetics
- Population Variability
- Drug Dose Response
- Drug-Receptor Interactions
- Drug Antagonism
- Summary
- ۶٫ Pharmacokinetics
- Properties That Influence Pharmacokinetic Activity
- Other Factors That Influence Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
- Summary
- ۷٫ Pharmacokinetics of Inhalation Anesthetics
- Primary Factors Controlling Uptake, Distribution, and Elimination of Anesthetics
- Pediatrics
- Other Factors
- Summary
- ۸٫ Inhalation Anesthetics
- Relationship Between Chemical Structure and Agent Characteristics
- Pharmacodynamics
- Minimum Alveolar Concentration
- Influence of Inhalation Agents on Organs And Systems
- Inhalation Anesthetics and Pregnancy
- Summary
- ۹٫ Intravenous Induction Agents
- Nonbarbiturate Intravenous Anesthetics
- Benzodiazepines
- Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
- Summary
- ۱۰٫ Local Anesthetics
- Anatomy of the Peripheral Nerve
- Neuron Electrophysiology and the Action Mechanism of Local Anesthetics
- Chemical Structure of Local Anesthetics
- Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic Concepts
- Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity
- Clinical Use of Local Anesthetics
- Summary
- ۱۱٫ Opioid and Nonopioid Analgesics
- Opioids
- Individual Opioids
- Opioid-Sparing Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۱۲٫ Neuromuscular Blocking Agents, Reversal Agents, and Their Monitoring
- History
- Monitoring of Neuromuscular Blockade
- Depolarizing Agents
- Nondepolarizing Agents
- Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors
- Anticholinergics
- Summary
- ۱۳٫ Autonomic and Cardiac Pharmacology
- Autonomic Drugs—Sympathomimetic Amines
- Direct-Acting α-Agonists
- Mixed Function Agonists
- Selective β۲-Agonists
- α-Receptor Antagonists
- β-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
- Statins
- Antiplatelet Drugs
- Cholinergics
- Anticholinergics
- Direct Vasodilators
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
- Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
- Anesthesia Management of Patients Taking Angiotensin Axis Blockers
- Catecholamine-Depleting Agents
- Tyrosine Hydroxylase Inhibitors
- Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors
- Cardiac Glycosides
- Management of Specific Diseases
- Preoperative Administration of Cardiac Drugs
- Summary
- ۱۴٫ Additional Drugs of Interest
- Perioperative Antibiotics
- Antiemetics and Perioperative Nausea and Vomiting
- Psychiatric Drugs and Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۱۵٫ Chemistry and Physics of Anesthesia
- General Chemistry: Matter and Energy
- Atomic Structure
- Molecular Bond Types
- Bond Breaking
- Organic Compounds
- Solubility
- Diffusion
- Newtonian Physics
- Newton’s Laws of Motion
- Force
- Pressure
- Thermodynamics
- Energy
- Entropy
- Temperature
- Kinetic Molecular Theory
- Gas Laws
- Fluid Flow
- Waves
- Quantum Physics
- Electromagnetic Radiation/Matter Interaction
- Radiography
- Gas Analysis
- Pulse Oximetry
- Lasers
- Summary
Unit III. Technology Related to Anesthesia Practice
- ۱۶٫ Anesthesia Equipment
- Organization of the Anesthesia Workstation
- Supply
- Processing
- Delivery
- Disposal
- Risk Management
- SUMMARY
- ۱۷٫ Clinical Monitoring I: Cardiovascular System
- Electrocardiogram Monitoring
- Central Venous and Arterial Hemodynamic Measurements
- Preload Assessment: Static and Dynamic Indices
- Arterial Pressure Monitoring
- Transesophageal Echocardiography Monitoring
- Summary
- ۱۸٫ Clinical Monitoring II: Respiratory and Metabolic Systems
- Monitoring Standards
- Closed-Claims Analyses
- Alarm Fatigue
- Systematic Approach to Monitoring
- Airway Monitoring
- Anesthesia Education and Patient Monitoring
- Summary
- ۱۹٫ Clinical Monitoring III: Neurologic System
- Electroencephalogram
- Processed Eeg Waveforms
- Monitors For Assessing Cns Blood Flow And Oxygenation
- Evoked Potentials
- Bispectral Index
- Summary
Umit IV. Preoperative Preparation
- ۲۰٫ Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation of the Patient
- Preanesthesia Assessment Clinic
- Chart Review
- Patient Interview
- Patient Evaluation: Overview of Systems
- Diagnostic Testing
- Fasting Considerations
- American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System
- Preventing Operative Errors
- Summary
Unit V. Intraoperative Management
- ۲۱٫ Fluids, Electrolytes, and Goal-Directed Therapy
- Fluid Volume, Types of Fluids, And Overview of Fluid Management
- Normal Physiologic Distribution and Regulation of Fluids
- Composition and Relative Advantages of Various Intravenous Fluids
- Impact of Surgery and Anesthesia on Vascular Flow and Organ Perfusion
- Historical Approach to Fluid Management
- Perioperative Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy
- Electrolyte Balance
- summary
- ۲۲٫ Blood and Blood Component Therapy
- Estimated Blood Volume and Loss
- Transfusion Indicators
- Patient Blood Management
- Conservation Strategies
- Compatibility of Transfusion
- Emergency Transfusions
- Massive Transfusion Protocols
- Blood Components
- Transfusion Practice Guidelines
- Storage of Blood
- Ringer Lactate And Blood Transfusions
- Blood Transfusion Complications
- Summary
- ۲۳٫ Positioning for Anesthesia and Surgery
- Physiologic Effects of Surgical Positions
- Pathophysiology of Nerve Injury
- Factors Contributing To Nerve Injuries
- Patient-Related Factors Contributing To Nerve Injuries
- Perioperative Neuropathies
- Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Postoperative Visual Loss
- Other Position-Related Injuries
- Surgical Positioning
- Closed-Claims Studies
- Summary
- ۲۴٫ Airway Management
- Anatomy and Physiology of the Airway
- Airway Evaluation
- Tracheal Intubation
- Management of the Difficult and Failed Airway
- Airway Blocks
- Cricoid Pressure
- Adjunct Airway Equipment and Techniques
- Tracheal Extubation
- Complications of Airway Management
- Summary
- ۲۵٫ Cardiovascular Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Anesthesia Management
- Cardiovascular System
- Vascular System
- Hypertension
- Mitral Stenosis
- Mitral Regurgitation and Insufficiency
- Aortic Stenosis
- Aortic Insufficiency
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Cardiomyopathy
- Summary
- ۲۶٫ Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery
- Anesthetic Management of General Cardiac Surgery
- Anesthetic Considerations for Specific Cardiac Diseases and Surgical Procedures
- Summary
- ۲۷٫ Perioperative Management for Patients With Cardiac Devices
- Review of Pacemakers
- Review of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
- Perioperative Period
- Summary
- ۲۸٫ Anesthesia for Vascular Surgery
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
- Abdominal Aortic Reconstruction
- Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
- Aortic Dissection
- Descending Thoracic And Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms
- Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
- Cerebrovascular Insufficiency And Carotid Endarterectomy
- Carotid Artery Angioplasty Stenting
- Summary
- ۲۹٫ Respiratory Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Anesthesia Management
- Anatomy And Physiology of The Respiratory System
- Anatomic Structures of the Respiratory System
- Mechanics of Breathing
- Gas Exchange in The Lungs
- Pulmonary Blood Flow
- Acid-Base Balance
- Control of Breathing
- Respiratory System Pathology
- Pulmonary Function Testing
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Asthma
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Cor Pulmonale
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Restrictive Pulmonary Diseases
- Aspiration Pneumonitis
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Transfusion-Related Pulmonary Disease
- Drug-Induced Pulmonary Disease
- Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity
- Autoimmune Disorders
- Flail Chest
- Pneumothorax
- Atelectasis
- Pleural Effusion
- Skeletal Disorders
- Summary
- ۳۰٫ Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery
- Preoperative Preparation
- Lateral Decubitus Position
- One-Lung Ventilation
- Anesthetic Management During One-Lung Ventilation
- Thoracic Surgical Concerns
- Complications After Thoracotomy
- Summary
- ۳۱٫ Neuroanatomy, Neurophysiology, and Neuroanesthesia
- Organization of The Central Nervous System
- Anatomy of The Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Vasculature of The Central Nervous System
- Electrophysiology
- Neurotransmitters
- Sensory Pathways
- Motor Pathways
- Neuroanesthesia
- Intracranial Pressure
- Neurophysiologic Monitoring
- Anesthetic Considerations For Specific Procedures
- Summary
- ۳۲٫ Renal Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Anesthesia Management
- Structure of the Kidney
- Renal Physiology
- Effects of Anesthesia on Normal Renal Function
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Preoperative Renal Assessment
- Anesthetic Management of Patients with Advanced Renal Disease
- Intravenous Fluid Management
- Cystoscopy
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave and Laser Lithotripsy
- Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
- Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
- Laparoscopic Urologic Surgery
- Robotic Urologic Surgery
- Renal Transplantation
- Open Nephrectomy
- Summary
- ۳۳٫ Hepatobiliary and Gastrointestinal Disturbances and Anesthesia
- Liver Disease
- Diseases of The Biliary Tract
- Diseases of The Esophagus
- Diseases of The Stomach
- Pancreatic Disease
- Diseases of The Intestinal Tract
- Splenic Disease
- Carcinoid Tumors And Carcinoid Syndrome
- summary
- ۳۴٫ Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Surgery
- Creation of the Pneumoperitoneum
- Physiologic Effects of the Pneumoperitoneum
- Cardiovascular Effects
- Respiratory Effects
- Complications of Laparoscopic Surgery
- Anesthetic Management
- Postoperative Concerns
- The Future of Laparoscopic Surgery
- Summary
- ۳۵٫ Anesthesia for Robotic Surgery
- History of Robotic Surgery
- Robotic Systems
- General Anesthetic Considerations
- Considerations For Surgical Subspecialties
- Summary
- ۳۶٫ Musculoskeletal System Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Anesthesia Management
- Overview of Neuromuscular Transmission
- Muscle Physiology
- Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology and Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۳۷٫ The Endocrine System and Anesthesia
- General Principles of Endocrine Physiology
- Pituitary Gland
- Parathyroid Gland
- Pancreas
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Adrenal Glands
- Thyroid Gland
- Summary
- ۳۸٫ Hematology and Anesthesia
- The Normal Vessel Wall
- Vessel Injury
- Cell-Based Theory of Coagulation
- Fibrinolytic System
- Anesthetic Implications
- Specific Disorders
- Other Considerations
- Summary
- ۳۹٫ Anesthesia for Burn Patients
- Classification of Burn Injury
- Etiologies of Burn Injuries
- Treatment of The Burn Patient
- Summary
- ۴۰٫ Trauma Anesthesia
- Etiology of Traumatic Injury
- Coordinated Management of Care
- Early Evaluation of The Trauma Patient And Common Injury Patterns
- Blunt Versus Penetrating Trauma
- The Abcds of Trauma Anesthesia
- Special Topics In Trauma Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۴۱٫ Anesthesia for Transplant Surgery and Organ Procurement
- History of Organ Transplantation
- Renal Transplantation
- Pancreas Transplantation
- Liver Transplantation
- Lung Transplantation
- Intestinal Transplantation
- Anesthetic Considerations for the Organ Donor
- Summary
- ۴۲٫ Outpatient Anesthesia
- Features of Outpatient Surgery
- Patient Selection
- Patient Evaluation and Preparation
- Premedication
- Anesthetic Considerations
- Postoperative Considerations
- Summary
- ۴۳٫ Anesthesia for Ear, Nose, Throat, and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Functional Anatomy of The Head And Neck
- Preparation And Considerations For Ear, Nose, And Throat Procedures
- Specialized Equipment For Ear, Nose, And Throat Procedures
- Special Considerations For Ear, Nose, And Throat Procedures
- Select Techniques Commonly Used In Ear, Nose, And Throat Procedures
- Procedures Involving The Face, Ear, Head, And Neck
- Summary
- ۴۴٫ Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Procedures
- Ophthalmic Anatomy
- Pharmacology: Ocular Medications and Anesthetic Agents
- Select Ocular Anesthesia Techniques
- Ocular Regional Anesthesia
- Positive Orbital Pressure
- Anesthesia Management
- Ophthalmic Anesthesia Complications
- Summary
- ۴۵٫ Anesthesia for Orthopedics
- Selected Comorbidities and Presurgical Conditions
- Preoperative Concerns
- Arthroscopy
- Arthroplasty
- Foot and Ankle Surgery
- Forearm and Hand Surgery
- Spinal Surgery
- Special Considerations (Associated Concerns)
- Summary
- ۴۶٫ The Immune System and Anesthesia
- The Immune System
- Active And Passive Immunity
- Hypersensitivity
- Alloimmunity
- Autoimmunity
- Immunodeficiency Disorders
- Cancers Of The Immune System
- Surgery And The Immune System
- Anesthesia And The Immune System
- Anesthetic Management of The Immunocompromised Patient
- summary
- ۴۷٫ Anesthesia and Laser Surgery
- Introduction
- Basic Principles of Lasers
- Laser Effects on Biologic Tissues
- Surgical Lasers
- Laser Safety
- Surgical Fires
- Anesthesia For Laser Procedures
- summary
- ۴۸٫ Obesity and Anesthesia Practice
- Overview
- Adipose Tissue
- Causes of Obesity
- Pathophysiology of Obesity
- Pediatric Obesity
- Maternal Obesity
- Treatment of Obesity
- Pharmacologic Considerations
- Anesthetic Management: Preanesthetic Evaluation
- Anesthetic Management: Preparation
- Anesthetic Management: Maintenance
- Anesthetic Management: Postoperative Care
- Summary
- ۴۹٫ Regional Anesthesia: Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia
- Applied Anatomy And Physiology of The Central Neuraxis
- Spinal Anesthesia
- Epidural Anesthesia
- Combined Spinal And Epidural Anesthesia
- Caudal Anesthesia
- Summary
- ۵۰٫ Regional Anesthesia: Upper Extremity, Lower Extremity, and Truncal Blocks
- Selection of Regional Anesthesia Techniques
- Complications of Peripheral Nerve Blockade
- BLock Techniques 1
- Clinical Anatomy
- Block Techniques 2
- Summary
- ۵۱٫ Obstetric Anesthesia
- Anatomic And Physiologic Changes During Normal Pregnancy
- Labor And Delivery
- Analgesia For Labor And Vaginal Delivery
- Anesthesia For Cesarean Delivery
- Complications of Regional Anesthesia
- Obstetric Complications
- Anesthesia For The Pregnant Patient Undergoing A Nonobstetric Procedure
- Neonatal Resuscitation
- Summary
- ۵۲٫ Neonatal Anesthesia
- Developmental Considerations
- Growth and Development
- Anesthetic Pharmacologic Considerations in the Neonate
- Drugs Used to Provide Neonatal Anesthesia
- Fluid Management
- Anesthetic Equipment
- Preoperative Assessment
- Anesthetic Considerations for Selected Cases
- Summary
- ۵۳٫ Pediatric Anesthesia
- Pediatric Anatomy and Physiology
- Pediatric Pharmacologic Considerations
- Preoperative Assessment
- Anesthetic Management
- Postoperative Care
- Regional Anesthesia
- Outpatient Anesthesia
- Pediatric Anesthetic Morbidity and Mortality
- Summary
- ۵۴٫ Geriatrics and Anesthesia Practice
- Preoperative Assessment
- Age-Related Physiologic Changes in the Older Adult
- Issues of Specific Importance in the Older Adult Preoperative Assessment
- Age-Related Pharmacologic Implications in the Older Adult
- Comorbidity in the Older Adult
- Ethical Issues in the Treatment of the Older Adult
- Postoperative Delirium
- Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
- Summary
- ۵۵٫ Postanesthesia Recovery
- Postanesthesia Care Unit Admission
- Anesthesia Report
- Initial Postanesthesia Care Unit Assessment
- Ongoing Assessment
- Discharge From The Postanesthesia Care Unit
- Summary
- ۵۶٫ Acute Pain: Physiology and Management
- Pain
- Physiologic Consequences
- Pharmacology
- Acute Pain Management In Special Populations
- Summary
- ۵۷٫ Chronic Pain: Physiology and Management
- Anatomy and Physiology of Pain
- Pain Physiology
- Pain Pathophysiology
- Types of Chronic Pain
- Treating Chronic Pain
- Pharmacology
- Targeted Pain Management
- Age-Related Considerations
- Patient-Centered Approach
- Failure to Treat Pain
- Summary
- ۵۸٫ Non–Operating Room Anesthesia
- Administration of Anesthesia in Remote Locations
- Anesthesia for Specific Procedures in Remote Locations
- Remote Anesthetic Monitoring Using Telecommunication Technology
- Summary
- ۵۹٫ Anesthesia Complications
- Mortality in Anesthesia
- Morbidity in Anesthesia
- Emerging Areas of Anesthetic Morbidity and Mortality
- Intraoperative Awareness
- Opiate-Induced Respiratory Depression
- Sedation and Anesthesia Outside of the Operating Room
- Preanesthesia Shared Decision Making as Complication Prevention
- Management of Complications
- The Second Victim
- The Human Factor in Complications
- Summary
- ۶۰٫ Crisis Resource Management and Patient Safety
- Health Care Crises Events
- Crisis Resource Management
- Developing a Crisis Resource Management Program
- Summary
- ۶۱٫ Infection Control and Prevention
- Introduction
- Biology of Disease Transmission and the Anesthesia Work Environment
- The Chain of Infection
- Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions
- Hand Hygiene
- Personal Protective Equipment
- Safe Injection Practices
- Anesthesia Equipment and Environment Disinfection
- Airway Management: Considerations Specific to Anesthesia Care
- Transmission-Based Precautions
- Anesthesia Care and Infection Control Following the Covid-19 Pandemic
- Invasive Procedure Infection Control and Prevention
- Health Care–Acquired Infections
- Surgical Site Infection
- Assessing Patient Risks During the Perioperative Phase
- Common Surgical Site Infection Care Bundles and the Role of Anesthesia Providers in Preventing/Reducing Perioperative Surgical Site Infections
- Health Care Worker Vaccinations and Screening
- Health Care Worker Postexposure Prophylaxis
- Summary
Index
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